بیان استدلال


Degrees of certainty

ردیف

واژه

معنی

نقش گرامری

1

evidence /ˈev.əd.əns/

مدرک شواهد

اسم

All the evidence points to an accident.
He was trying to find incriminating evidence on Yancey.

2

apparently /əˈpɛrəntli/

ظاهرا از قرار معلوم

قید

Apparently he did a lot of walking.
Apparently something had been discussed in her absence.

3

can /kæn/

توانستن

فعل

Can you watch the house for me while I'm gone?
I can do it.

4

seem /siːm/

به نظر رسیدن

فعل

You never seem to study.
For some reason that didn't seem likely.

5

evident /ˈɛvədənt/

واضح آشکار

صفت

The reason for the chill became evident as he took in his surroundings.
In the most evident sense they mean everything.

6

presume /prɪˈzjuːm/

فرض کردن گمان کردن

فعل

I presume it will be tied to the call center eventually.
Jackson, I presume was his name, jumped up.

7

in the absence of evidence to the contrary /ɪn ði ˈæbsəns ʌv ˈɛvədəns tu ðə ˈkɑntrɛri/

در صورت عدم وجود شواهد مغایر

عبارت

8

it would appear that /ɪt wʊd əˈpɪr ðæt/

به نظر می‌رسد که

عبارت

9

allegedly /əˈlɛʤədli/

ظاهرا از قرار معلوم

قید

He provided details on the hotel, time and room number where the man allegedly stayed.
"Allegedly," Elise added under her breath.

10

it can be argued that /ɪt kæn bi ˈɑrgjud ðæt/

می‌شود این چنین استدلال کرد که

عبارت

11

it would seem that /ɪt wʊd sim ðæt/

به نظر می‌رسد که

عبارت

12

appear /əˈpɪr/

به نظر رسیدن

فعل

I tried to appear resigned to defeat.
You always appear when something bad is about to happen.

13

tend /tɛnd/

میل داشتن گرایش داشتن، عادت داشتن

فعل

We tend to never forget.
Folks around here tend to wear gloves in the winter when it gets that nippy.

14

undoubtedly /ənˈdaʊtɪdli/

بی‌شک بدون شک

قید

This was an area where he undoubtedly knew best.
The future would undoubtedly throw more obstacles in their path, but they would tackle them as a family now.

15

reportedly /rɪˈpɔrtədli/

از قرار معلوم بنا به گزارش، ظاهرا

قید

Symptoms of a subarachnoid brain hemorrhage, a type of stroke, include the sudden onset of a severe headache called a "thunderclap headache," vomiting and loss of consciousness. 47-year-old Michaels reportedly remains in critical condition.
Natalie moved into the dorms on campus and reportedly told the public that she would not be acting in any other films except Star Wars (for which she was already committed) for the next four years in order to complete her degree.

16

tendency /ˈtɛndənsi/

تمایل عادت، میل

اسم

I didn't particularly want to but I've always had a tendency to please.
Bordeaux was a persuasive man with a tendency to move fast - apparently not only with women.

17

of course /ʌv kɔːrs/

البته

حرف ندا

18

perception /pərˈsɛpʃən/

ادراک آگاهی، احساس

اسم

When sight in one eye is affected, it can affect our depth perception.
The information was beyond valuable, and on a level that further altered Gabe's perception on Deidre.

19

it may not be the case that /ɪt meɪ nɑt bi ðə keɪs ðæt/

این چنین انتظار می‌رود که

عبارت

20

likelihood /ˈlaɪkliˌhʊd/

احتمال امکان

اسم

There was in all likelihood a near kindred between the earliest inhabitants of the two lands.
p. 163) identifies as Luther, the Zurich Bible, the Latin version of Pagninus, the Vulgate, and, in all likelihood, the English translation of Tyndale.

21

likely /ˈlɑɪ.kli/

احتمالا

قید

It was likely a deer trail.
"It's not the only answer, but it's the most likely," Sofi replied.

22

liable /ˈlaɪəbəl/

مسئول (پرداخت هزینه چیزی) ملزم

صفت

The species most liable to be struck are oaks, poplars and pear trees; beech trees are exceptionally safe.
If there are, they are liable to be glass oats!

23

considered to be /kənˈsɪdərd tu bi/

در نظر گرفته شدن

عبارت

24

presumably /prəˈzuməbli/

احتمالا

قید

Presumably it was a daughter of these Hittites that Solomon took to wife.
Presumably, he speaks Spanish.

25

contrary /ˈkɑntrɛri/

مخالف مغایر، ضد

صفت

There was a contrary opinion of course!
On the contrary, I didn't even hear it.

26

probably /ˈprɑb.ə.bli/

احتمالا شاید

قید

She was probably right.
He would probably know the fastest way.

27

tentative /ˈtɛntətɪv/

تجربی آزمایشی

صفت

Dean took a deep breath and crept a few tentative steps into the darkness.
He couldn't go home and let Sarah and Connor see how tentative his composure was.



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